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docs/slides/06-mixed-realities.md

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+### Open Hardware
+
+# Mixed realities 
+
+**When “your” hardware lives—and dies—in the vendor’s cloud**
+
+--
+
+### # Mixed realities 
+
+Modern IoT gear often won’t store data locally or accept direct connections.
+The cloud account *is* the product. That design brings two systemic risks:
+
+* Data hostage-taking
+* Single point of failure	
+
+
+Note:
+
+* Data hostage-taking
+   * Telemetry, user settings, even basic on-device functions sit behind the vendor’s login. If the account, API or certificate vanishes, owners lose historical data and live control
+
+* Single point of failure	
+   * When the provider turns the servers off (bankruptcy, acquisition, strategy shift), the device can’t boot, phone home for crypto keys, or accept commands—so otherwise-healthy hardware becomes e-waste overnight.
+
+--
+
+### Mixed realities 
+
+##  A big graveyard 
+
+* 2023 *Amazon Halo* fitness bands & bedside sleep tracker
+* 2024 *Google Nest* Secure home-alarm system
+* 2022 *Insteon smart-lighting hubs*
+* 2018 *Logitech Harmony Link* universal remote puck
+* 2016 *Revolv smart-home hub* (acquired by Google Nest)
+
+Note:
+
+* 2023 *Amazon Halo* fitness bands & bedside sleep tracker
+	* All bands and the Halo app stopped working.
+   * Health data deleted after deadline unless manually exported.
+   * Amazon suggested recycling the still-working hardware.	
+* 2024 *Google Nest* Secure home-alarm system
+   * No arming/disarming, no phone alerts, no lock bridge.
+   * Google offered an ADT kit or €200 voucher; data and automations vanished.	
+* 2022 *Insteon smart-lighting hubs*
+   * Cloud switch went dark without warning; apps & some wall keypads dead.
+   * Users had to reverse-engineer local control or replace entire setups.	
+* 2018 *Logitech Harmony Link* universal remote puck
+   * Logitech email: “device will no longer function.”
+   * Initial plan was no replacement; backlash forced the firm to swap in a newer model—proof the brick was purely a licensing choice.	
+* 2016 *Revolv smart-home hub* (acquired by Google Nest)
+   * $300 hub and app permanently bricked.
+   * Case became the textbook example of a company “reaching into your home and pulling the plug.”
+
+--
+
+### Mixed realities 
+
+## Moxie
+
+<img width="70%" data-src="/images/06-mixed-realities/sad_moxie.png">
+
+--
+
+### Mixed realities 
+
+## Moxie / 2020-2025
+
+<img width="10%"  data-src="/images/06-mixed-realities/sad_moxie.png"> 
+
+Moxie, an expressive table-top robot marketed as a social-skills “mentor” for children. Intro price: US $1,500, later cut to $800. All speech recognition, personality data and progress tracking live on Embodied’s servers.
+
+Nov 2024 – shutdown e-mail
+
+Early 2025 – service blackout	
+
+Note: 
+
+* 2020 – launch
+* Nov 2024 – shutdown e-mail
+   * funding round collapsed, the company will “wind down operations” and shut off the Moxie cloud “soon.” A link to a “farewell letter” helps parents explain to kids that their robot friend is “going away.” 
+* Early 2025 – service blackout	
+   * Cloud endpoints time out; Moxie units stall on startup or report server-error codes. Amazon and other retailers pull remaining stock.
+
+--
+
+### Mixed realities 
+
+## Moxie / Why it failed
+
+* Total cloud dependence
+* No escrow / open-sourcing plan 
+* High ongoing costs 
+
+Note:
+
+* Total cloud dependence – every wake-word, behavioral script and user log resided off-device.
+* No escrow / open-sourcing plan – when funding vanished there was no legal path to keep servers or firmware alive.
+* High ongoing costs – speech-to-text, emotion analysis and safety moderation are compute-heavy; with only ~15 k units sold (est.), subscription revenue never covered the bills.
+
+--
+
+### Mixed realities 
+
+## Moxie / Lessons highlighted
+
+* “Smart” toys must offer local-first operation or a published contingency (open-source firmware, community server code) to avoid instant obsolescence.
+* Regulators are beginning to act
+* Consumer awereness
+
+Note:
+
+* “Smart” toys must offer local-first operation or a published contingency
+   * (open-source firmware, community server code) to avoid instant obsolescence.
+* Regulators are beginning to act
+   * forthcoming EU Ecodesign and US state “Connected Devices” rules would obligate a guaranteed service period or mandatory refunds for cloud-tethered products. Moxie shows why such safeguards matter.
+* Consumer awereness
+   * Buyers should treat cloud-bound hardware like a subscription, not a durable good—unless the vendor can prove the device remains useful offline.
+
+--
+
+### Mixed realities 
+
+## Broader implications
+
+* Security & privacy
+* Cost shifting to consumers
+* Regulatory spotlight
+* Design takeaway
+
+Note:
+
+* Security & privacy
+   * Continuous cloud dependence gives the vendor perpetual access to raw sensor streams (sleep patterns, door-open events, health scans) with no on-prem option. A shutdown can wipe user archives or expose unmaintained endpoints to attack.
+
+* Cost shifting to consumers
+   * Owners pay twice: once for the device, again through mandatory subscriptions or forced upgrades when support ends.
+
+* Regulatory spotlight
+   * The EU’s proposed Right-to-Repair and Product Sustainability regulations would require a “minimum service period” and clearer data-export paths; several US states already obligate notice and refunds when a cloud shutdown bricks hardware.
+
+* Design takeaway
+   * Devices that can operate locally (local API, LAN fallback, open firmware) not only respect user autonomy but also outlive corporate pivots.
+   * Home asistant!!
+
+--
+
+### Mixed realities 
+
+* Open data
+* Open protocols
+* Open APIs